VesiScan 3D Anatomy Simulator

A B C

Bladder Geometry

[1] Oelke 2006 — DWT stable at ≥250ml

[2] Ugwu 2019 — BWT 2.76→1.55mm

[3] Hakenberg 2000 — V=W×L×D×0.52

[8] Byun 1998 — Shape correction factors

[9] PMC7273879 — Shape classification

[10] Becker 2010 — Pubic symphysis SI/AP

[12] StatPearls — Bladder anatomy

[13] Medscape — Neck 3-4cm behind pubis

[14] Martins 2021 — Retropubic 0.9±0.3cm

Posture-Dependent Displacement

[15] Yamashita 2020 (PMID:32500162) — BN descent MΔ6.9mm FΔ9.1mm; ARJ descent (n=139, upright CT)

[16] Kim 2014 — BN–PCL: M 22±5 vs 28±5mm; F 9±5 vs 19±4mm

[17] Broekhuis 2009 — Sitting BB 14.5 vs Supine 26.1mm (Δ≈12mm)

[18] Kristiansen 2004 — Posture shape: VD max 18mm, compactness Δ11%

[19] Li 2023 (DOI:10.1038/s41598-023-32368-z) — Uterus FEA: posteroinferior in upright

[20] Rao 2001 (PMID:11317698) — Anorectal angle: standing 79.8° vs sitting 95.3°